Diet reverses Type 2 Diabetes

Diet reverses Type 2 Diabetes

Published on: 8 October 2015

A Newcastle University team has discovered that Type 2 diabetes can be reversed by an extreme low calorie diet alone.

Prof Roy Taylor with Gordon Parmley

This is a radical change in understanding Type 2 diabetes. 

Professor Roy Taylor

Affecting two and half million people in the UK – and on the increase – Type 2 diabetes is a long-term condition caused by too much glucose, a type of sugar, in the blood.

In an early stage clinical trial of 11 people, funded by Diabetes UK, all reversed their diabetes by drastically cutting their food intake to just 600 calories a day for two months. And three months later, seven remained free of diabetes.

Professor Roy Taylor of Newcastle University who led the study and also works for the Newcastle-Upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust said: “To have people free of diabetes after years with the condition is remarkable - and all because of an eight week diet.

“This is a radical change in understanding Type 2 diabetes. It will change how we can explain it to people newly diagnosed with the condition. While it has long been believed that someone with Type 2 diabetes will always have the disease, and that it will steadily get worse, we have shown that we can reverse the condition.”

The results of the diet shown to reverse Type 2 diabetes

Research revealed at the American Diabetes Association conference and published in Diabetologia transforms thinking on diabetes. It demonstrates that people who go on a very low calorie diet can remove fat which is clogging up the pancreas allowing normal insulin secretion to be restored.

Traditionally, it has been thought that as a progressive condition, Type 2 diabetes can be controlled by diet initially then tablets, but may eventually require insulin injections.

Type 2 diabetes, which was once known as adult-onset diabetes, is now found in young adults and children. It is caused by too much glucose in the blood due to the pancreas not producing enough insulin - a hormone which breaks down glucose into energy in the cells – or due to the body not reacting to it, known as insulin sensitivity.

Under close supervision of a medical team, 11 people who had developed diabetes later in life were put on an extreme diet of just 600 calories a day consisting of liquid diet drinks plus 200 calories of non-starchy vegetables. They were matched to a control group of people without diabetes and then monitored over eight weeks. Insulin production from their pancreas and fat content in the liver and pancreas were studied.

After just one week, the Newcastle University team found that their pre-breakfast blood sugar levels had returned to normal

A special MRI scan of their pancreas revealed that the fat levels in the pancreas had returned from an elevated level to normal (from around 8% to 6%). In step with this, the pancreas regained the normal ability to make insulin and as a result, blood sugar after meals steadily improved.

The volunteers were then followed-up three months later. During this time they had returned to eating normally but had received advice on portion size and healthy eating. Of the ten people re-tested, seven remained free of diabetes.

“We believe this shows that Type 2 diabetes is all about energy balance in the body,” explained Professor Taylor, “if you are eating more than you burn, then the excess is stored in the liver and pancreas as fat which can lead to Type 2 diabetes in some people. What we need to examine further is why some people are more susceptible to developing diabetes than others.”

Dr Iain Frame, Director of Research at Diabetes UK, said: “We welcome the results of this research because it shows that Type 2 diabetes can be reversed, on a par with successful surgery without the side effects. However, this diet is not an easy fix and Diabetes UK strongly recommends that such a drastic diet should only be undertaken under medical supervision. Despite being a very small trial, we look forward to future results particularly to see whether the reversal would remain in the long term.”

Patients or GPs who would like more information about the diet that reverses Type 2 diabetes see the Magnetic Resonance Centre website.

“I no longer needed my diabetes tablets”

Gordon Parmley, 67, from Stocksfield in Northumberland took part in the trial. He said: “I love playing golf but I was finding that when I was out on the course sometimes my vision would go fuzzy and I would have trouble focussing. It was after this that I was diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. That was about six years ago and from then on, I had to control the diabetes with a daily combination of tablets - the diabetes drug, gliclazide and tablets for my cholesterol.

“When my doctor mentioned the trial I thought I would give it a go as it might help me and other diabetics. I came off my tablets and had three diet shakes a day and some salad or vegetables but it was very, very difficult and I’m not sure I’d have done it without the support of my wife who went on a diet alongside me.

“At first the hunger was quite severe and I had to distract myself with something else – walking the dog, playing golf – or doing anything to occupy myself and take my mind off food but I lost an astounding amount of weight in a short space of time.

“At the end of the trial, I was told my insulin levels were normal and after six years, I no longer needed my diabetes tablets. Still today, 18 months on, I don’t take them. It’s astonishing really that a diet – hard as it was – could change my health so drastically. After six years of having diabetes I can tell the difference - I feel better, even walking round the golf course is easier.

Reference: Reversal of type 2 diabetes: normalisation of beta cell function in association with decreased pancreas and liver triacylglycerol, E. L. Lim & K. G. Hollingsworth & B. S. Aribisala & M. J. Chen & J. C. Mathers & R. Taylor. Diabetologia. DOI 10.1007/s00125-011-2204-7

Update from August 2013: Following media publicity for this research, Professor Roy Taylor has advised the Hairy Bikers for the BBC series "Hairy Dieters: How to love food and lose weight", aided journalist Richard Doughty in returning his blood sugar to normal levels after a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes and completed numerous media interviews. For interviews with Prof Taylor please call the University press office: 0191 208 7850

Update from 1 March 2016: Professor Roy Taylor participated in a live interview on Reddit AMA, where he answered questions about reversing Type 2 diabetes.

First published on 24 June 2011.
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http://www.ncl.ac.uk/press/news/2015/10/type2diabetes/

References:

1. http://www.ncl.ac.uk/press.office/press.release/item/diet-reverses-type-2-diabetes
1a. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21656330
1b. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23320491
3. http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/17/12/1469.short
5. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/01/060115182443.htm
6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16873779 
10. http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/13590849409003592
11. http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa012512
12. http://www.cms.gov/Newsroom/MediaReleaseDatabase/Press-releases/2014-Press-releases-items/2014-09-30.html 
13. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-461350/Could-change-diet-reverse-diabetes.html
14. http://www.pritikin.com/pritikin-center-explore-the-resort/your-experience/your-results.html
15. http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/32/11/2312.abstract
16. http://spectrum.diabetesjournals.org/content/25/1/38.full andhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19766762?dopt=Abstract 
17. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs312/en/
18. http://hortsci.ashspublications.org/content/25/12/1488.full.pdf 
19. http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/88/4/1119.full 
20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12372158?dopt=Abstract 
21. http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/70/3/532s.full 
22. http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/23/10/1461.full.pdf+html 
23. http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/56/4/671.full.pdf+html 
24. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8880292 
25. http://www.grassrootshealth.net/media/download/daction_cancer.pdf 

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Turmeric Extract 100% Effective At Preventing Type 2 Diabetes, ADA Journal Study Finds

Posted on: Tuesday, August 6th 2013

Written By: Sayer Ji, Founder

A remarkable human clinical study published in the journal Diabetes Care, the journal of the American Diabetes Association, revealed that turmeric extract was 100% successful at preventing prediabetic patients from becoming diabetic over the course of a 9-month intervention.[1]

Performed by Thailand researchers, the study's primary object was to assess the efficacy of curcumin, the primary polyphenol in turmeric which gives the spice its golden hue, in delaying the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a prediabetic population.

The study design was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial including 240 subjects who met the American Diabetic Association's criteria for prediabetes. All subjects were randomly assigned to receive either 250 mg of curcuminoid or placebo capsules for 9 months.

Type 2 diabetes progression was assessed by measuring a wide range of parameters, including changes in the insulin-producing cells within the pancreas known as β-cells, insulin resistance, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine known as adiponectin, at four different times:  baseline, 3-, 6-, and 9-month visits during the course of intervention.

The results were reported as follows:

"After 9 months of treatment, 16.4% of subjects in the placebo group were diagnosed with T2DM, whereas none were diagnosed with T2DM in the curcumin-treated group. In addition, the curcumin-treated group showed a better overall function of β-cells, with higher HOMA-β (61.58 vs. 48.72; P < 0.01) and lower C-peptide (1.7 vs. 2.17; P < 0.05).

The curcumin-treated group showed a lower level of HOMA-IR (3.22 vs. 4.04; P < 0.001) and higher adiponectin (22.46 vs. 18.45; P < 0.05) when compared with the placebo group." [emphasis added]

The researchers concluded:

"A 9-month curcumin intervention in a prediabetic population significantly lowered the number of prediabetic individuals who eventually developed T2DM.

In addition, the curcumin treatment appeared to improve overall function of β-cells, with very minor adverse effects. Therefore, this study demonstrated that the curcumin intervention in a prediabetic population may be beneficial."

The full study can be viewed for free on the American Diabetic Association's Diabetes Care website: http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/35/11/2121.full

 

A remarkable human clinical study published in the journal Diabetes Care, the journal of the American Diabetes Association, revealed that turmeric extract was 100% successful at preventing prediabetic patients from becoming diabetic over the course of a 9-month intervention.[1]

Performed by Thailand researchers, the study's primary object was to assess the efficacy of curcumin, the primary polyphenol in turmeric which gives the spice its golden hue, in delaying the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a prediabetic population.

The study design was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial including 240 subjects who met the American Diabetic Association's criteria for prediabetes. All subjects were randomly assigned to receive either 250 mg of curcuminoid or placebo capsules for 9 months.

Type 2 diabetes progression was assessed by measuring a wide range of parameters, including changes in the insulin-producing cells within the pancreas known as β-cells, insulin resistance, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine known as adiponectin, at four different times:  baseline, 3-, 6-, and 9-month visits during the course of intervention.

The results were reported as follows:

"After 9 months of treatment, 16.4% of subjects in the placebo group were diagnosed with T2DM, whereas none were diagnosed with T2DM in the curcumin-treated group. In addition, the curcumin-treated group showed a better overall function of β-cells, with higher HOMA-β (61.58 vs. 48.72; P < 0.01) and lower C-peptide (1.7 vs. 2.17; P < 0.05). The curcumin-treated group showed a lower level of HOMA-IR (3.22 vs. 4.04; P < 0.001) and higher adiponectin (22.46 vs. 18.45; P < 0.05) when compared with the placebo group." [emphasis added]

The researchers concluded:

"A 9-month curcumin intervention in a prediabetic population significantly lowered the number of prediabetic individuals who eventually developed T2DM. In addition, the curcumin treatment appeared to improve overall function of β-cells, with very minor adverse effects. Therefore, this study demonstrated that the curcumin intervention in a prediabetic population may be beneficial."

The full study can be viewed for free on the American Diabetic Association's Diabetes Care website: http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/35/11/2121.full

Discussion

Considering that at least 40% of the US population ages 40-74 are believed to have prediabetes, according to CDC statistics, [2] the health implications of this study are profound.

Curcumin, which constitutes approximately 3-4% of dry turmeric powder by weight, is affordable, safe and easily accessible.  Moreover, over 600 potential health benefits of curcumin (and/or turmeric) have been documented within the biomedical literature freely available to peruse on either the National Library of Medicine's open access database (pubmed.gov search: "curcumin"), or for your convenience, our intricately organized Curcumin database.

Recently, we highlighted research on curcumin's potential ability to heal the diabetic liver. (Read:Turmeric May Repair and Regenerate Diabetic Liver Function)  But this is really only the tip of the iceberg.  Below you will find the related sections on our 

Curcumin database indicating curcumin's value in a wide range of diabetic complications:

Disease Category	Article Count
Diabetes Insipidus	1
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1	9
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention	1
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2	13
Diabetes: Bone Quality & Density	1
Diabetes: Cardiovascular Illness	11
Diabetes: Cataract	2
Diabetes: Cognitive Dysfunction	6
Diabetes: Glycation/A1C	2
Diabetes: Kidney Function	4
Diabetes: Liver Disease	1
Diabetes: Oxidative Stress	2
Diabetic Microangiopathy	1
Diabetic Nephropathy	2
Diabetic Neuropathies	2
Diabetic Retinopathy	4

Considering the abject failure, if not also sometimes deadly nature of diabetic medications, turmeric (curcumin) provides an ideal alternative. We can only hope that medical professionals who treat prediabetics and diabetics will take seriously this study, especially considering that it was published in the American Diabetic Association's very own, highly respected journal.

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[1] Somlak Chuengsamarn, Suthee Rattanamongkolgul, Rataya Luechapudiporn, Chada Phisalaphong, Siwanon Jirawatnotai. Curcumin extract for prevention of type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes Care. 2012 Nov ;35(11):2121-7. Epub 2012 Jul 6. PMID: 22773702

[2] CDC: Diabetes. National Diabetes Fact Sheet; United States, 2003.
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http://www.greenmedinfo.com/blog/turmeric-extract-100-effective-preventing-type-2-diabetes-ada-journal-study-finds#_ftn1

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